Weight Loss Medication: What You Need to Know Before You Begin

Introduction :

Weight management becomes eclectic, where it ranges from combinations of diets and exercises to the prescription of drugs for weight loss. It is indeed true that lifestyle modifications, such as healthy nutrition and physical activity, are the cornerstones in any form of weight loss. However, medication-nec­essarily especially in those with obesity or not able to lose weight through diet and physical activity-is an added layer of help.

In this blog, we consider what weight loss medications are, how they work, types available, benefits and drawbacks, and considerations important prior to their use.

What Are Weight Loss Medications?

Weight loss medications are prescription pharmaceutical drugs that help individuals to reduce body weight. They are generally recommended for adults with a BMI of 30 or higher or those with a BMI of 27 or higher with weight-related health conditions, such as diabetes or hypertension. These medications supplement a comprehensive weight loss program that incorporates a healthy diet and regular physical activity.

How Do Weight Loss Medications Work?

Weight loss medications work through a variety of modes of action, given their nature and target ingredients. Here are some common modes by which they facilitate weight loss:

1. Appetite Suppression: The majority of weight loss medications work to decrease appetite or increase the feeling of fullness in a person, consequently reducing total intake of food by that individual.
2. Inhibitors of Fat Absorption: Some medications inhibit the amount of fat absorbed from consumed food, hence reducing calorie intake.
3. Metabolism Acceleration: Other types of medications accelerate metabolism, so that even while resting, the body is burning more calories.
4. Blood Sugar Regulation: Certain types of weight loss medications regulate blood sugar levels; thereby, this may reduce cravings and stabilize energy levels.

Types of Weight Loss Medications

There are a few FDA-approved weight loss medications, each acting through different mechanisms. Following are some of the common ones prescribed:

1. Phentermine

Phentermine suppresses appetite via its action on the central nervous system. The medication heightens energy levels and lowers hunger; thus, this facilitates adherence to a calorie-restricted diet. The drug Phentermine is usually prescribed for short-term use and with life changes.

• Pros: Effective for short-term weight loss, well-studied, and relatively affordable.
• Cons: May cause side effects such as a racing heartbeat, sleeplessness, and dry mouth. It is not indicated for long-term use.

2. Orlistat (Alli, Xenical)

Orlistat works by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats in the intestines; this allows a portion of the fat you consume to pass through your body undigested, thus reducing calorie intake.

• Pros: Useful for weight loss and may reduce cholesterol. Is available over-the-counter as Alli.
• Cons: Can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea and flatulence, particularly if consumed with a meal that is very high in fat.

3. Liraglutide (Saxenda)

Liraglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, initially developed to treat diabetes. The drug works by enhancing feelings of satiety, reducing appetite, and lowering blood sugar levels.

• Pros: High clinical trial weight loss; promotes blood sugar control.
• Cons: Associated with nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal distress. It is administered via injection once daily.

4. Semaglutide (Wegovy)

Semaglutide is also a GLP-1 receptor agonist that has had a very good result in response to weight reduction studies. Similar to liraglutide, it helps in appetite control and regulation of blood sugar levels.

• Pros: Studies have shown significant weight loss of as much as 15% of body weight when combined with lifestyle modifications.
• Cons: Side effects are similar to liraglutide, including nausea, with a possible risk of thyroid tumors.

5. Bupropion/Naltrexone (Contrave)

This drug is a combination of bupropion, an antidepressant, and naltrexone, a medication to treat addiction. Both medications put together act to decrease appetite and increase satiety.

• Pros: Performs a double role in the process of losing weight and improving your mood.
• Cons: Are susceptible to a side effect like nausea, headache, or an increase in heart rate. These are also contraindicated in patients with certain health conditions.

Pros and Cons of Weight Loss Medications

Weight loss medicines are to be prescribed after weighing the benefits and the risks.

Pros:

• Weight Loss Medication: Quite efficient treatments in cases where dieting and exercise fail to work, most especially for those individuals who are at risk due to obesity-related health complications.
• Behavioral Changes: These help in developing a more positive relation with food because they effectively reduce appetite and enhance feelings of fullness.

Weight Loss Drugs: Improved health can be manifested as a result of improved blood sugar, low blood pressure, and reduced danger of heart diseases.

Cons:

• Side Effects: All medications intended for losing weight through medicines do exist with their side effects. Though some can be mild, others can be severe enough, or uncomfortable for discontinuation.
• Dependency: Some become dependent on medication for weight management instead of working on sustainable lifestyle change.
• Cost: Prescription medications for weight loss could be expensive and not covered under many insurance plans.
• Temporary Solution: Medications are more effective in combination with lifestyle changes. Weight loss may be plateaued or reversed when the medication is stopped without introducing long-term habits.

Things to Consider Before Starting Weight Loss Medication

If weight loss medication is something you’re considering, here’s some key things to consider to get started:

1. See a Doctor: If you are considering taking any kind of weight loss medication, it is important that you consult with your doctor beforehand. They will take into account your medical history and let you know the best option for you personally.
2. Set Realistic Goals: Realize that the use of weight loss medicines is not a magic trick. Prescription drugs should be part of a larger weight loss program that includes healthy eating and regular physical activity.
3. Track Your Progress: Document your weight loss by listing the changes you make in your diet, exercise program, and general health status. Regular visits to the health care provider can help one stay on track.
4. Side Effects-Be Informed: Learn about common side effects with the help of any medicine you may take. Pay attention to your body and report any concerns to your healthcare professional.
5. Lifestyle Changes: Remember, the key to long-term weight loss is a healthy diet, physical activity, and behavioral modification.

Conclusion:

Weight loss drugs offer a useful line of recourse for those with problems like obesity and weight-related health disorders. While they give some promise, a tad of caution and understanding should be applied. Losing weight is a personal journey; what may work for one individual might not work for another.

If weight loss medication is on your mind, take the time to do your research, speak with a healthcare professional, and create an all-encompassing plan that prioritizes your health and well-being. Remember, it’s not about the weight, but about the long-lasting health and energy.